We used microscopes today.... Totally awesome, the microscopes zoom a tone! But kind of creepy how much 🔍
The earth's inner core is made out of iron, nickel and platinum. Iron and nickel are magnetic metals, so our earth is a huge magnet. Compasses point to the north pole every time because of our earth's magnetic core. Our magnetic field is a giant shield. Our magnetic field deflects the solar wind and protects our atmosphere. If we didn't have a magnetic field, our water would instantly boil because of the sun and our atmosphere would blow away. This is what happened to Mars. It used to have a magnetic field that protected Mars and so there used to be water on it. We can see evidence on Mars that water was once there. Eventually a solar storm so large destroyed the magnetic field and the water and atmosphere instantly was gone. Also, since we have a magnetic field, we see beautiful light shows in the sky called auroras. When solar wind or solar storms come from the sun and hit our magnetic field, it breaks part of our magnetic field, and that funnels light and heat to the poles, and we see auroras. When electrically charged particles from solar storms collide and hit nitrogen and oxygen in our atmosphere, it releases energy and we see auroras at the poles. You can see different color auroras depending on what gas is excited by the solar wind. When oxygen is excited up to 60 miles above the surface- you see green. When oxygen is excited 200 miles above the surface- you see reds and oranges. When Nitrogen is excited you see blues and purples. Atoms make up everything. An atom has protons and neutrons at the center and electrons that fly around them. (See picture below.) The electrons are tiny negative charges smaller than particles. Protons and electrons are both basically magnets themselves. Electrons each have a north and south pole (that's why they are like tiny magnets too) and when all of the electrons line up, all of their south poles go in one direction and all of their north poles go in another direction. Protons are weak magnets and electrons are strong. When electrons (tiny magnets) are facing the same way and they are aligned in something, they are magnetic.
SO: A metal is magnetic if all of their electrons can and do line up in the same direction. When electrons are facing the same direction, they can cause an invisible force to form around the magnetic object: a magnetic field. This field has the power to attract other objects or minerals that also have electrons facing the same direction. Magnetism explained in a video- advanced, but good to see how electrons are like tiny magnets and when facing same direction, they are aligned, so object is magnetic. There are 4 main magnetic metals: IRON, NICKLE, STEEL, TIN (and cobalt) Common misconceptions: Copper is NOT magnetic. Pennies and coins are NOT magnetic. A 5 cent nickel, is not made out of only actual nickel. It is mostly made out of copper and silver, so it is not magnetic. Thermal, heat, Thermal, heat, thermal, thermal, thermal HEAT
THERMAL MEANS HEAT Conductors let energy go quickly through it. Best conductors are made of metals. Copper is really good! Insulators let energy go slowly through it. Best insulators are fluff, fat, fur, cloth, plastic... We can't forget the freezing, melting and boiling points of water!
Freezing/Melting: 0 Degrees Celsius, 32 Degrees Fahrenheit Boiling: 100 Degrees Celsius, 212 Degrees Fahrenheit Here's are songs to remember- check out the videos on the music video tab Celsius: 30 is Hot 20 is nice 10 is cool and Zero is ice. (This song can help you roughly know the temperatures. The 30's in Celsius are around the 90's in Fahrenheit= hot. The 20's are comfortable like the 70's in F. The 10's in Celsius are colder (winter time) in the 40s/50s in F. And zero is freezing so there will be snow. ) Fahrenheit: 212 is boiling. Just shout whenever, because it's hot. And then it's freezing, at 32. And those are very very very far apart. Repeat Because it's fahren, fahren, fahren-heit. it's Fahren, fahren, fahren-heit! Fahren, fahren, fahren-heit! Thought it'd always be on my mind, yeah! Don't forget, you can do an easy conversion: C x 2 + 30 = F (That's the shortcut way) Or to find Celsius: F - 30 divided by 2 = C We learned that Oobleck is a Non-Newtonian Fluid, it's viscosity changes based on the pressured applied. The layers of fluid don't move at the same rate so when you apply pressure quickly, the fluid doesn't have enough time to move, so it's seems like a solid. Other Non-Newtonian Fluids include: mud, quicksand, sand, blood, yogurt, ketchup... Sir Issac Newton came up with these fluid models and that's why they are named after him! We will learn more about Issac Newton when we learn about laws of motion! Be sure to check out the links page for more Oobleck videos!
It's cool that this is applicable to real life situations. After the BP oil spill off the Coast of Louisinanna, engineers used their knowledge of Non-Newtonian fluids to solve the problem. They poured drilling mud in the pipe, to fill in the cracks. They knew it would act as a liquid when no pressure is applied. Then, they poured tons of concrete on top, to apply a huge amount of pressure, causing the drilling mud to seize and act as a solid. This stopped the oil from continuing to spill in the Gulf of Mexico! Non-Newtonian fluids are AWESOME! |
AuthorEvery two weeks we have 2 student website managers and 2 student photojournalists who blog and report about what we are learning in class. Mrs. Cotten also helps out with the blogging, but most is completed by the students. Archives
August 2017
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